PSG has now won the season-opening trophy on 14 different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the match between the French league champions and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the net early on.
However, Marseille fired two times in the closing moments to seize a surprise lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial leveler in the dying seconds to send the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted successfully for PSG to seal a 4-1 shootout victory.
The record champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now won this competition for the twelfth time in the past thirteen years.